1 motivation across cultures 2 the world of international management: motivating employees in a multicultural context: insights from the emerging markets 2 the nature of motivation 4 the universalist assumption 5 the assumption of content and process 6 the hierarchy-of-needs theory 7 the maslow theory 7 international findings on maslow��s theory 7 the two-factor theory of motivation 11 the herzberg theory 11 international findings on herzberg��s theory 13 achievement motivation theory 17 the background of achievement motivation theory 17 international findings on achievement motivation theory18 select process theories 19 equity theory 19 goal-setting theory 21 expectancy theory 21 motivation applied: job design, work centrality, and rewards 22 job design 22 sociotechnical job designs 23 work centrality 24 incentives and culture 28 the world of internationalmanagement��revisited 30 summary of key points 30 key terms 32 review and discussionquestions 32 internet exercise: motivatingpotential employees 32 in the internationalspotlight: indonesia 33 2 leadership across cultures 34 the world of international management: global leadership development: an emerging need 34 foundation for leadership 36 the manager-leader paradigm 36 philosophical background: theories x, y, and z 38 leadership behaviors and styles 41 the managerial grid performance: a japanese perspective42 leadership in the international context 45 attitudes of european managers toward leadershippractices 45 japanese leadership approaches 47 differences between japanese and u.s. leadership styles48 leadership in china 50 leadership in the middle east 51 leadership approaches in india 51 leadership approaches in latin america 52 recent findings and insights about leadership 53 transformational, transactional, and charismatic leadership53 qualities for successful leaders 55 culture clusters and leader effectiveness 57 leader behavior, leader effectiveness, and leading teams58 cross-cultural leadership: insights from the globe study58 positive organizational scholarship and leadership 62 authentic leadership 62 ethical, responsible, and servant leadership 65 entrepreneurial leadership and mindset 66 the world of internationalmanagement��revisited 67 summary of key points 67 key terms 68 review and discussionquestions 69 internet exercise: taking acloser look 69 in the internationalspotlight: germany 70 3 human resource selection anddevelopment across cultures 72 the world of international management: the challenge of talent retention in india 72 the importance of international human resources 75 getting the employeeperspective 75 employees as criticalresources 76 investing in internationalassignments 76 economic pressures 76 sources of humanresources 78 home-country nationals 78 host-country nationals 78 third-country nationals 79 subcontracting and outsourcing80 selection criteria forinternational assignments 83 general criteria 83 adaptability to culturalchange 84 physical and emotional health85 age, experience, and education85 language training 86 motivation for a foreignassignment 86 spouses and dependents orwork-family issues 86 leadership ability 87 other considerations 87 economic pressures andtrends in expat assignments 89 international humanresource selection procedures 90 testing and interviewingprocedures 90 the adjustment process 90 compensation 92 common elements ofcompensation packages 93 tailoring the package 95 individual andhost-country viewpoints 96 candidate motivations 96 host-country desires 97 repatriation ofexpatriates 98 reasons for returning 98 readjustment problems 98 transition strategies 99 training ininternational management 100 the impact of overallmanagement philosophy on training 102 the impact of differentlearning styles on training and development 103 reasons for training 104 types of trainingprograms 106 standardized vs. tailor-made106 cultural assimilators109 positiveorganizational behavior 110 futuretrends 111 the world of international management��revisited 111 summary of key points 113 key terms 114 review and discussion questions 114 internet exercise: going international with coke 115 in the international spotlight: russia 116 brief integrative case 1.1: ikea��s global renovations 117 in-depth integrative case 1.1: hsbc in china 124 in-depth integrative case 1.2: chiquita��s globalturnaround 140 endnotes148 glossary160