�����P(gu��n)ϵ:��ֳ�����x߀�Ǒ�(zh��n)�Ի���P(gu��n)ϵ? ��(ji��)�x

�����������P(gu��n)ϵ����ֳ�����x߀�Ǒ�(zh��n)�Ի���P(gu��n)ϵ�����԰������ȁ��鰸��������������The consequence of the growing loss of control over policies relating to key economic issues was the menacing threat posed to Africa's already tenuous sovereignty�� Although it is a known fact absolute sovereignty may not be tenable in the current global economic order characterized by complex nterdependence and prevalence of many non-state actors�� countries nonetheless try to maintain a degree of autonomy in terms of their ability to determine policy choices. However�� with aid as a central factor in foreign policy directions�� the ceding of the continent's sovereignty to international creditors has been an obvious case wluch could not be denied. One clear example of such a situation explained above was the adoption of SAPs and their vast display of conditionalities�� most of them unattainable�� was not only evidence of the creditors' control of the adjusting countries�� but also the extent to which the latter have ceded their sovereignty. The illusions about Africa's economic sovereignty has thus been more manifested in the post-Cold War period than ever before��The sequel to the loss of sovereignty has been the related problem of consolidating the new and nascent regionalism in Africa. One of the daunting challenges unleashed by globalization is how to remain competitive in the hostile global economy. The need to maintain competitiveness is partly responsible for the creation of regional economic blocs by which member countries attempt to insulate their economies from the devastating consequences of global competition.The attempts across Africa to strengthen the existing common regional economic communities and later in early 2000s the desire shown to replace the continental Organization of the African Unity ��OAU�� to a more pragmatic and politically and legally powerful organization of the African Union are policies designed to mitigate the effects of competition on African states.����For Africa�� a regional and continental unity has a strategic advantage for the countries both in pulling African resources and minds closer in order to advance the common interests of the continent within and globally and dispel common challenges. It also has an additional advantage of providing alternative paths out of the continent's development challenges by creating a larger market within the continent thereby reducing its precarious reliance on the global market. However�� the critical question was how the continent can simultaneously remain committed to the seemingly contradictory terrains of creditor conditionalities on the one hand and the ideals of continental regionalism on the other. There was as well growing concern that the donor-oriented posture of African states may be incompatible with effective regionalism or continental unity��particularly where the demands of creditors conflict with the dictates of continental union.��Shaw�� 1989�� This dilemma posed daunting questions for Africa's international relations. ��������