Part 1 Introduction 1.1 Foreword to the student 1.2 General laboratory safety 1.2.1 Laboratory dress code 1.2.2 Essential rules for laboratorv safetv 1.2.3 Working safely and efficiently 1.2.4 Miscellaneous information 1.3 How to write a laboratory reDort 1.3.1 The pre-laboratory��experimental preview record 1.3.2 The in-laboratory record 1.3.3 The post-laboratory write-up 1.3.4 An example for a laboratory report 1.4 Disposal of laboratory waste 1.5 Laboratory equipment Part 2 Basic Experimental Techniques 2.1 Technique 1��Distillation 2.1.1 Simple distillation Experiment 1 Simple distillation and the determination of boiling point 2.1.2 Fractional distillation Experiment 2 Separation of ethanol��water mixture with fractional distillation 2.1.3 Steam distillation Experiment 3 Extraction of paeonolum from Xuchangqing 2.1.4 Vacuum distillation 2.1.5 Rotary evaporator 2.2 Technique 2��Reflux 2.2.1 Glassware��Equipment checklist 2.2.2 Utilizing the apparatus 2.3 Technique 3��Recrystallization Experiment 4 Recrystallization of benzoic acid 2.4 Technique 4��Melting point determination Experiment 5 Determination of melting point 2.5 Technique 5��Liquid-liquid extraction 2.5.1 Assemble a separatory funnel 2.5.2 Use a separatory funnel 2.5.3 Determine the nature of your layer Experiment 6 Simple extraction and multiple extractions 2.6 Technique 6��Chromatographic techniques 2.6.1 Thin-layer chromatography Experiment 7 Separation of green lear pigments by TLC 2.6.2 Column chromatography Experiment 8 Separation of dyestuffs by column chromatography 2.6.3 Paper chromatography Experiment 9 Separation of amino acid by paper chromatography 2.7 Technique 7��Sublimation 2.8 Technique 8��Measurement of refractive index Experiment 10 Identify the substance by refractometry 2.9 Technique 9��Measurement of optical rotation Experiment 1 1 Measure the optical rotation of a sample Part 3 Basic Organic Synthesis Experiments Experiment 12 Synthesis of cyclohexene Experiment 13 Synthesis of p-toluidine Experiment 14 Preparation of 1��4һDi��tert-2��5-dimethoxybenzene Experiment 15 Nitration of methyl benzoate Experiment 16 Preparation of n-butyl bromide Experiment 17 Preparation of triphenylmethanol Experiment 18 Preparation of trans-9һ(2һphenylethenyl)anthracene Experiment 19 Preparation of 2һfuranmethanol and 2һfuroic acid Experiment 20 Synthesis of cinnamic acid Experiment 21 Luche reduction of L-menthone Experiment 22 Preparation of ethyl acetate Experiment 23 Synthesis of propyl acetate Experiment 24 Synthesis of aspirin(acetylsalicylic acid) Experiment 25 Preparation of acetanilide Experiment 26 Preparation of methvl orange Experiment 27 Synthesis of 9��10-dihydroanthracene-9��10-endo-������-succinic anhydride Part 4 Reaction of Natural Products Experiment 28 Isolation of effective components from the citrus Experiment 29 Isolation of caffeine from tea Experiment 30 Isolation of benberine from Coptis fhinensis Franch Experiment 31 Preparation of soap Part 5 Property Experiments of Organic Compounds 5.1 Qualities test for the element 5.1.1 Principle 5.1.2 Method 5.2 Test for the functional group Appendix Appendix I Common organic solvents Appendix II List of the elements with their symbols and atomic masses