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����On 1 December 2007�� the "Statement on Joint Implementation of Co-Benefits Study and Demonstration Project" ��hereafier�� "the Statement"�� was signed by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China ��MEP�� Cluna�� and the Ministry of the Environment�� Japan ��MOEJ�� ��hereafter�� "both Parties"�� at Sino-Japan high-level economic dialogue held in Beijing. On 28 December 2007�� the "Sino-Japan Joint Communique on the Promotion of Cooperation in the Field of Environment and Energy" was issued by the govemments of Japan and China�� in which the third article stated that "Both Japan and China support the study and demonstration project on the co-benefits between air pollution control and greenhouse gas ��GHG�� emissions reduction"�� which emphasized the importance of this project. Therefore�� Sino-Japan joint implementation of co-benefits study and demonstration project was not only cooperation on environmental protection�� but also a priority area for environment and energy cooperation in both countries.����In accordance with the Statement�� the "Sino-Japan Joint Study and Demonstration Project on Co-Benefits between Air Pollution Control and GHG Emissions Reduction" officially commenced in April 2008. And a total of 2 periods ofjoint study and demonstration project were implemented by the end of March 2016. The main purposes of the project were�� to implement the "Statement" signed by "both Parties"�� quantitatively assess the effectiveness of the co-benefits between the atmospheric pollutant emissions control and global climate change mitigation in the selected model cities in China within the time frame of the 11th and 12th Five-Year Plan ��FYP���� and to use the results as a tool to effectively link domestic environmental protection policies with climate change policies. The main contents of the project include�� ��1�� evaluation of the co-benefits between total pollution control for air pollutants and GHG emissions reduction in the model cities�� ��2�� capacity buiding programs to enhance the skills of the key public and private personnel in the model cities�� and ��3�� technical cooperation�� etc.