Ŀ� Chapter 1 Human Resource Management: An Overview 1 Introduction 1 The Concept of HRM 2 Underpinning Theories of HRM 3 HRM Functions 5 HRM and Organizational Performance 8 Challenges for HR Managers 10 HRM Future 20 Summary 29 Discussions 29 Case 31 Chapter 2 Job Analysis and Human Resource Planning 33 Introduction 33 Job Analysis: A Basic HRM Tool 34 Products of Job Analysis 37 Job Analysis Methods 41 Conducting Job Analysis 47 Job Design 52 Human Resource Planning 55 HR Forecasting Techniques 57 Forecasting HR Requirements 59 Forecasting HR Availability 61 Determining Labor Surplus or Shortage 63 Summary 70 Discussions 71 Case 71 Chapter 3 Recruiting Employees 73 Introduction 73 Recruiting 74 Strategic Recruiting Decisions 78 Organizational Recruiting Activities 84 Internet Recruiting 86 External Recruiting Sources 90 Internal Recruiting Methods 94 Recruiter Traits and Behaviors 97 What to Include in an Effective Recruiting Ad 99 Recruiting Evaluation 100 Summary 106 Discussions 106 Case 107 Chapter 4 Selecting and Placing Human Resources 109 Introduction 109 Selection 110 Selection Testing 120 Selection Interviewing 126 Background Investigation 136 Medical Examinations and Inquires 139 Making the Job Offer 141 Summary 144 Discussions 145 Case 145 Chapter 5 Careers and Human Resource Development 147 Introduction 147 Careers 148 Career Transitions and HR 154 Special Career Issues for Organizations and Employees 157 Orienting New Employees 159 Training Human Resources 161 Developing Human Resources 170 Development versus Training 185 Summary 187 Discussions 188 Case 188 Chapter 6 Individual Performance and Retention 191 Introduction 191 Individual Employee Performance 191 Individual Motivation 193 Equity as a Motivator 195 Expectancy Theory 196 Reinforcement Theory 197 Individual/Organizational Relationships 199 Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment 201 Employee Engagement and Loyalty 202 Absenteeism and Turnover 203 Retention of Human Resources 209 The Retention Management Process 221 Summary 229 Discussions 230 Case 230 Chapter 7 Performance Appraisal 233 Introduction 233 Performance Management 234 What is Performance Appraisal? 237 Defining the Employee’s Goals and Performance Standards 242 Performance Measures Criteria 243 What Do We Evaluate? 245 Who Should Do the Evaluating? 247 Performance Appraisal Methods 250 Handling the Appraisal Interview 264 Measurement Errors in Performance Appraisal 266 Suggestions for Improving Performance Evaluations 270 Summary 272 Discussions 273 Case 274 Chapter 8 Compensating Employees 276 Introduction 276 Reward Systems 277 Financial Rewards 279 Compensation Decisions 289 Various Types of Incentives 300 Summary 305 Discussions 306 Case 307 References 309