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高電壓技術(第3版) 版權信息
- ISBN：9787301350669
- 條形碼：9787301350669 ; 978-7-301-35066-9
- 裝幀：平裝-膠訂
- 冊數：暫無
- 重量：暫無
- 所屬分類：>>
高電壓技術(第3版) 本書特色
(1) 力求將基本物理概念及物理過程介紹清楚，對新技術做適當介紹，對典型實用性數據進行必要的擴充。
(2) 兼顧基本概念和實際應用兩個方面，盡可能面向不同需求的讀者。
(3) 充實了部分章節的習題，習題參考答案以二維碼的形式給出。
(4) 在重要知識點處以二維碼的形式加入拓展視頻，以增強學習效果。
(5) 在形式上，每章前給出本章的知識架構、教學目標與要求，每章后給出本章小結，在理論知識講解中穿插相關的閱讀材料，以增強本書的可讀性。
高電壓技術(第3版) 內容簡介
本書著重介紹了高電壓技術的基本概念、基本原理和物理過程。本書共分9章，內容包括與高電壓有關的氣體、液體、固體介質的放電過程、絕緣特性，以及電場結構、大氣條件等影響放電的因素；電氣設備的絕緣試驗原理及方法；線路及繞組中的波過程；雷電及防雷保護裝置；輸電線路、發電廠及變電站防雷保護；電力弱電系統防雷保護；操作過電壓及其保護；電力設備的在線監測與故障診斷等。 本書可作為高等學校電氣工程類專業學生的教材，也可供電力工程技術人員及其他領域中從事高電壓技術的工作者參考。
高電壓技術(第3版) 目錄
緒論 ······················································· 1
閱讀材料0-1 ······································· 5
閱讀材料0-2 ······································· 9
第1章 氣體的絕緣強度 ······················ 13
1.1 氣體放電的基本物理過程 ·············· 14
1.1.1 氣體中帶電質點的產生和消失 ······························· 14
1.1.2 湯森理論和帕邢定律 ·········· 17
1.1.3 流注理論 ························· 20
1.1.4 不均勻電場中的放電過程 ···· 22
1.1.5 沖擊電壓下氣體間隙的擊穿特性 ························· 26
1.2 影響氣體放電電壓的因素 ·············· 31
1.2.1 電場形式對放電電壓的影響 ······························· 31
1.2.2 電壓波形對擊穿電壓的影響 ······························· 32
1.2.3 氣體的性質和狀態對放電電壓的影響 ······················ 34
1.3 沿面放電 ··································· 38
1.3.1 沿面放電的物理過程 ·········· 38
1.3.2 影響沿面放電電壓的因素 ···· 40
1.3.3 影響絕緣子污閃的因素 ······· 45
1.3.4 污閃事故的對策 ················ 49
本章小結 ········································· 51
閱讀材料1-1 ····································· 52
習題 ··············································· 52
第2章 液體和固體介質的絕緣強度 ···· 56
2.1 介質的極化、電導和損耗 ·············· 57
2.1.1 電介質的極化 ··················· 57
閱讀材料2-1 ····································· 60
2.1.2 電介質的電導 ···················· 63
2.1.3 電介質的損耗 ···················· 65
2.2 液體介質的擊穿 ·························· 69
2.2.1 液體介質的擊穿機理 ··········· 69
2.2.2 影響液體介質擊穿的因素和
改進措施 ·························· 69
2.3 固體介質的擊穿 ·························· 72
2.3.1 固體介質的擊穿機理 ··········· 72
2.3.2 影響固體介質擊穿的因素和改進措施 ·························· 73
2.4 絕緣介質的其他特性 ···················· 75
2.4.1 熱性能 ····························· 75
2.4.2 機械性能 ·························· 76
2.4.3 吸潮性能 ·························· 76
2.4.4 生化性能 ·························· 76
本章小結 ·········································· 76
閱讀材料2-2 ····································· 77
習題 ················································ 77
第3章 電氣設備的絕緣試驗 ··············· 79
3.1 絕緣試驗分類 ····························· 80
3.2 絕緣電阻及吸收比的測量 ·············· 81
3.2.1 絕緣電阻的測量 ················· 81
3.2.2 吸收比的測量 ···················· 82
3.2.3 測量絕緣電阻的規定 ··········· 83
3.2.4 影響測量絕緣電阻的因素 ····· 83
3.3 直流泄漏電流的測量 ···················· 84
3.3.1 試驗接線 ·························· 84
3.3.2 影響測量泄漏電流的因素 ····· 85
3.4 介質損耗角正切tan?的測量 ·········· 86
3.4.1 測量介質損耗角正切tan?的意義及適用范圍 ················· 86
3.4.2 西林電橋的基本原理 ··········· 87
3.4.3 影響tan?測量的因素 ·········· 88
3.5 局部放電的測量 ·························· 89
3.5.1 局部放電的物理過程 ·········· 89
3.5.2 局部放電的測量原理及其主要參數 ························· 89
3.5.3 局部放電的測量方法 ·········· 91
3.5.4 局部放電測量中的抗干擾措施 ······························· 92
3.5.5 測試結果的分析與評定 ······· 93
3.6 絕緣油的氣相色譜分析 ················· 93
3.6.1 充油電氣設備內部產生氣體 ······························· 93
3.6.2 氣相色譜分析簡介 ············· 94
3.7 交流耐壓試驗 ····························· 96
3.7.1 交流高壓試驗設備概述 ······· 96
3.7.2 工頻高壓試驗原理 ············· 98
3.7.3 串級高壓試驗變壓器 ·········· 99
3.7.4 工頻高壓的測量 ··············· 102
3.7.5 操作規定 ························ 104
3.7.6 交流耐壓試驗注意事項 ······ 105
3.7.7 試驗結果分析 ·················· 105
3.8 直流耐壓試驗 ···························· 106
3.8.1 直流高壓的產生 ··············· 106
3.8.2 直流耐壓試驗的特點 ·········· 107
3.8.3 直流高壓的測量 ··············· 108
3.8.4 直流耐壓試驗注意事項 ······ 110
3.9 絕緣試驗的主要項目及其特點 ······· 111
3.9.1 絕緣試驗的主要項目 ········· 111
3.9.2 絕緣試驗項目的特點 ········· 112
3.10 絕緣在線監測 ·························· 113
3.10.1 絕緣在線監測技術現狀 ····· 113
3.10.2 紅外監測的利用 ·············· 113
3.11 試驗記錄、試驗報告及試驗結果分析 ······································ 114
本章小結 ········································ 116
閱讀材料3-1 ···································· 116
閱讀材料3-2 ···································· 118
習題 ·············································· 120
第4章 線路和繞組中的波過程 ·········· 123
4.1 均勻無損單導線中的波過程 ········· 124
4.1.1 波傳播的物理概念 ············ 124
4.1.2 波動方程 ························ 126
4.1.3 波阻抗與電阻的區別 ········· 128
4.2 行波的折射和反射 ····················· 128
4.2.1 折射、反射系數 ··············· 128
4.2.2 幾種特殊條件下的折、 反射 ······························ 130
4.2.3 彼德森法則 ····················· 133
4.3 無窮長直角波通過串聯電感和并聯電容 ································· 134
4.3.1 無窮長直角波通過串聯電感 ······························ 134
4.3.2 無窮長直角波通過并聯電容 ······························ 135
4.4 行波的多次折、反射 ·················· 137
4.5 無損平行多導線系統中的波過程 ··· 140
4.6 波在傳播過程中的衰減與畸變 ······ 144
4.7 變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··············· 146
4.7.1 單相變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··························· 146
4.7.2 三相變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··························· 150
4.7.3 沖擊電壓在繞組之間的傳遞 ······························ 152
4.8 旋轉電機繞組中的波過程 ············ 153
本章小結 ········································ 154
閱讀材料4-1 ··································· 155
習題 ·············································· 156
附表A 球隙放電標準1(IEC 1960年公布) ················· 293
附表B 球隙放電標準2(IEC 1960年公布) ················· 295
附表C 國外一些高電壓實驗機構的主要特性參數 ······················ 297
附表D 國內一些高電壓實驗機構的主要特性參數 ······················ 298
參考文獻 ············································· 299
閱讀材料0-1 ······································· 5
閱讀材料0-2 ······································· 9
第1章 氣體的絕緣強度 ······················ 13
1.1 氣體放電的基本物理過程 ·············· 14
1.1.1 氣體中帶電質點的產生和消失 ······························· 14
1.1.2 湯森理論和帕邢定律 ·········· 17
1.1.3 流注理論 ························· 20
1.1.4 不均勻電場中的放電過程 ···· 22
1.1.5 沖擊電壓下氣體間隙的擊穿特性 ························· 26
1.2 影響氣體放電電壓的因素 ·············· 31
1.2.1 電場形式對放電電壓的影響 ······························· 31
1.2.2 電壓波形對擊穿電壓的影響 ······························· 32
1.2.3 氣體的性質和狀態對放電電壓的影響 ······················ 34
1.3 沿面放電 ··································· 38
1.3.1 沿面放電的物理過程 ·········· 38
1.3.2 影響沿面放電電壓的因素 ···· 40
1.3.3 影響絕緣子污閃的因素 ······· 45
1.3.4 污閃事故的對策 ················ 49
本章小結 ········································· 51
閱讀材料1-1 ····································· 52
習題 ··············································· 52
第2章 液體和固體介質的絕緣強度 ···· 56
2.1 介質的極化、電導和損耗 ·············· 57
2.1.1 電介質的極化 ··················· 57
閱讀材料2-1 ····································· 60
2.1.2 電介質的電導 ···················· 63
2.1.3 電介質的損耗 ···················· 65
2.2 液體介質的擊穿 ·························· 69
2.2.1 液體介質的擊穿機理 ··········· 69
2.2.2 影響液體介質擊穿的因素和
改進措施 ·························· 69
2.3 固體介質的擊穿 ·························· 72
2.3.1 固體介質的擊穿機理 ··········· 72
2.3.2 影響固體介質擊穿的因素和改進措施 ·························· 73
2.4 絕緣介質的其他特性 ···················· 75
2.4.1 熱性能 ····························· 75
2.4.2 機械性能 ·························· 76
2.4.3 吸潮性能 ·························· 76
2.4.4 生化性能 ·························· 76
本章小結 ·········································· 76
閱讀材料2-2 ····································· 77
習題 ················································ 77
第3章 電氣設備的絕緣試驗 ··············· 79
3.1 絕緣試驗分類 ····························· 80
3.2 絕緣電阻及吸收比的測量 ·············· 81
3.2.1 絕緣電阻的測量 ················· 81
3.2.2 吸收比的測量 ···················· 82
3.2.3 測量絕緣電阻的規定 ··········· 83
3.2.4 影響測量絕緣電阻的因素 ····· 83
3.3 直流泄漏電流的測量 ···················· 84
3.3.1 試驗接線 ·························· 84
3.3.2 影響測量泄漏電流的因素 ····· 85
3.4 介質損耗角正切tan?的測量 ·········· 86
3.4.1 測量介質損耗角正切tan?的意義及適用范圍 ················· 86
3.4.2 西林電橋的基本原理 ··········· 87
3.4.3 影響tan?測量的因素 ·········· 88
3.5 局部放電的測量 ·························· 89
3.5.1 局部放電的物理過程 ·········· 89
3.5.2 局部放電的測量原理及其主要參數 ························· 89
3.5.3 局部放電的測量方法 ·········· 91
3.5.4 局部放電測量中的抗干擾措施 ······························· 92
3.5.5 測試結果的分析與評定 ······· 93
3.6 絕緣油的氣相色譜分析 ················· 93
3.6.1 充油電氣設備內部產生氣體 ······························· 93
3.6.2 氣相色譜分析簡介 ············· 94
3.7 交流耐壓試驗 ····························· 96
3.7.1 交流高壓試驗設備概述 ······· 96
3.7.2 工頻高壓試驗原理 ············· 98
3.7.3 串級高壓試驗變壓器 ·········· 99
3.7.4 工頻高壓的測量 ··············· 102
3.7.5 操作規定 ························ 104
3.7.6 交流耐壓試驗注意事項 ······ 105
3.7.7 試驗結果分析 ·················· 105
3.8 直流耐壓試驗 ···························· 106
3.8.1 直流高壓的產生 ··············· 106
3.8.2 直流耐壓試驗的特點 ·········· 107
3.8.3 直流高壓的測量 ··············· 108
3.8.4 直流耐壓試驗注意事項 ······ 110
3.9 絕緣試驗的主要項目及其特點 ······· 111
3.9.1 絕緣試驗的主要項目 ········· 111
3.9.2 絕緣試驗項目的特點 ········· 112
3.10 絕緣在線監測 ·························· 113
3.10.1 絕緣在線監測技術現狀 ····· 113
3.10.2 紅外監測的利用 ·············· 113
3.11 試驗記錄、試驗報告及試驗結果分析 ······································ 114
本章小結 ········································ 116
閱讀材料3-1 ···································· 116
閱讀材料3-2 ···································· 118
習題 ·············································· 120
第4章 線路和繞組中的波過程 ·········· 123
4.1 均勻無損單導線中的波過程 ········· 124
4.1.1 波傳播的物理概念 ············ 124
4.1.2 波動方程 ························ 126
4.1.3 波阻抗與電阻的區別 ········· 128
4.2 行波的折射和反射 ····················· 128
4.2.1 折射、反射系數 ··············· 128
4.2.2 幾種特殊條件下的折、 反射 ······························ 130
4.2.3 彼德森法則 ····················· 133
4.3 無窮長直角波通過串聯電感和并聯電容 ································· 134
4.3.1 無窮長直角波通過串聯電感 ······························ 134
4.3.2 無窮長直角波通過并聯電容 ······························ 135
4.4 行波的多次折、反射 ·················· 137
4.5 無損平行多導線系統中的波過程 ··· 140
4.6 波在傳播過程中的衰減與畸變 ······ 144
4.7 變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··············· 146
4.7.1 單相變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··························· 146
4.7.2 三相變壓器繞組中的波過程 ··························· 150
4.7.3 沖擊電壓在繞組之間的傳遞 ······························ 152
4.8 旋轉電機繞組中的波過程 ············ 153
本章小結 ········································ 154
閱讀材料4-1 ··································· 155
習題 ·············································· 156
附表A 球隙放電標準1(IEC 1960年公布) ················· 293
附表B 球隙放電標準2(IEC 1960年公布) ················· 295
附表C 國外一些高電壓實驗機構的主要特性參數 ······················ 297
附表D 國內一些高電壓實驗機構的主要特性參數 ······················ 298
參考文獻 ············································· 299
展開全部
高電壓技術(第3版) 作者簡介
馬永翔
----------------------------
馬永翔，三級教授，碩士研究生導師，陜西理工大學。主要研究方向為電力系統運行與設備絕緣技術。兼任陜西省高等學校教指委能源與動力工作委員會委員，電力系統及其自動化重點學科帶頭人，《陜西理工大學學報》編委，IEEE PES中國理事會電力系統繼電保護委員會交直流混聯電網保護控制技術分委會副主席。
近年來，先后出版規劃教材9部,其中高電壓技術（第2版）獲省級優秀教材一等獎，《電力系統繼電保護》、《 發電廠變電所電氣部分》（第2版）2部獲省級優秀教材二等獎；在國內外學術期刊發表學術論文50余篇；獲中國電工技術學會科技進步二等獎1項；主持廳局級項目、橫向項目20余項。
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