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中英視譯中的方向性:基于神經認知視角的實證研究:a neurocogntive perspective 版權信息
- ISBN：9787313272812
- 條形碼：9787313272812 ; 978-7-313-27281-2
- 裝幀：一般膠版紙
- 冊數：暫無
- 重量：暫無
- 所屬分類：>>
中英視譯中的方向性:基于神經認知視角的實證研究:a neurocogntive perspective 內容簡介
本書從神經認知視角考察口譯方向性在口譯經驗和文本復雜度的作用下對視譯認知加工的影響。研究發現口譯方向性對認知加工的影響受到口譯經驗的制約。根據相關腦區數據可以推測：當中譯英時，口譯學生需要在與認知抑制相關的執行功能上付出更多的認知努力；非口譯學生需要在與多任務協調、語言轉換、注意力資源分配、任務監控等相關的執行功能上付出更多的認知努力。這一結果也揭示了大量的口譯實踐可以強化口譯員的大腦執行功能。本書可供翻譯研究者使用。
中英視譯中的方向性:基于神經認知視角的實證研究:a neurocogntive perspective 目錄
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………1
1.1 Research Background ………………………………………………1
1.2 Research Objectives and Questions ………………………………3
1.3 Research Signif icance and Motivation of the Study ………………4
1.4 Potential Contributions of the Study …………………………………5
1.5 Summary ………………………………………………………………5
Chapter 2 The Phenomenon of Sight Translation ………………………………6
2.1 The Def inition of Sight Translation …………………………………6
2.2 Sight Translation in Practice and Education ………………………8
2.3 Sight Translation and Cognitive Effort ……………………………10
2.4 Summary ……………………………………………………………12
Chapter 3 Situating the Study in the Literature ………………………………13
3.1 Directionality …………………………………………………………13
3.1.1 Arguments on Directionality …………………………………13
3.1.2 Empirical Studies on Directionality …………………………16
3.2 The Cognitive Effort in Translation and Interpreting ……………27
3.2.1 Processing Time Measurement ………………………………27
3.2.2 The Keystroke-Logging Method ……………………………28
3.2.3 The Eye-Tracking Method ……………………………………30
3.2.4 The Cognitive Effort in the “Black Box” ……………………31
3.3 Competence in Translation and Interpreting Studies …………34
3.4 Text Complexity ……………………………………………………38
中英視譯的方向性—基于神經認知視角的實證研究（英文版）
3.5 Summary ……………………………………………………………40
Chapter 4 Theoretical Framework ……………………………………………41
4.1 Language Processing in the Bilingual Brain ……………………41
4.1.1 The Three-Store Hypothesis …………………………………41
4.1.2 The Subsystems Hypothesis …………………………………42
4.2 Translation/Interpreting Asymmetry ………………………………44
4.2.1 The Revised Hierarchical Model ……………………………44
4.2.2 The Activation Threshold Hypothesis ………………………45
4.3 The Interpreter Advantage Hypothesis …………………………47
4.4 Text Complexity and Cognitive Effort ……………………………48
4.5 Theoretical Assumptions …………………………………………49
4.6 Summary ……………………………………………………………50
Chapter 5 The Neuroimaging Technology ……………………………………51
5.1 The Development of Neuroimaging Technology ………………51
5.2 Introduction to fNIRS ………………………………………………56
5.3 fNIRS in Language Processing Research ………………………58
5.3.1 Language Comprehension ……………………………………59
5.3.2 Overt Reading ………………………………………………60
5.3.3 Speech Production ……………………………………………61
5.4 Using fNIRS in the Present Study…………………………………62
5.5 Summary ……………………………………………………………63
Chapter 6 A Pilot Study …………………………………………………………64
6.1 Participants …………………………………………………………64
6.2 Materials ……………………………………………………………65
6.3 Tasks …………………………………………………………………66
6.4 Data Acquisition ……………………………………………………66
6.5 Data Analysis ………………………………………………………67
6.6 Results ………………………………………………………………68
6.7 Discussion …………………………………………………………69
Chapter 7 Methods………………………………………………………………72
7.1 Research Design ……………………………………………………72
7.2 Participants …………………………………………………………73
7.2.1 Participant Recruitment ………………………………………73
7.2.2 Second Language Prof iciency Test …………………………74
7.2.3 Pre-experiment Survey ………………………………………76
7.2.4 Working Memory Span Test …………………………………76
7.2.5 The Selected Participants ……………………………………77
7.2.6 Ethical Issues …………………………………………………80
7.3 Materials ……………………………………………………………81
7.3.1 Grade Level …………………………………………………82
7.3.2 Sentence Structure ……………………………………………83
7.3.3 Word Count …………………………………………………83
7.3.4 Word Frequency ………………………………………………86
7.3.5 Notional Word Density ………………………………………88
7.3.6 Pronoun Density ……………………………………………89
7.3.7 Translatability ………………………………………………90
7.3.8 The Distinction Between Sentences of Low and High
Complexity ……………………………………………………91
7.4 Brain Areas of Interest ……………………………………………94
7.4.1 Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ………………………………95
7.4.2 Broca's Area …………………………………………………97
7.4.3 Wernicke's Area ………………………………………………98
7.4.4 Inferior Parietal Lobule ………………………………………100
7.5 Experiment Procedure ……………………………………………101
7.6 Data Collection………………………………………………………103
7.6.1 Behavioural Data Collection …………………………………103
7.6.2 fNIRS Data Collection ………………………………………104
7.7 Data Preprocessing…………………………………………………106
7.7.1 Behavioural Data Preprocessing ……………………………108
7.7.2 fNIRS Data Preprocessing ……………………………………108
7.8 Data Analysis ………………………………………………………109
7.8.1 The Statistical Terms in the Present Study ……………………109
7.8.2 Behavioural Data Analysis ……………………………………111
中英視譯的方向性—基于神經認知視角的實證研究（英文版）
7.8.3 fNIRS Data Analysis …………………………………………112
7.9 Summary ……………………………………………………………113
Chapter 8 Results ………………………………………………………………114
8.1 Behavioural Results ………………………………………………114
8.1.1 The Main Effect ………………………………………………114
8.1.2 The Interaction Effect ………………………………………117
8.2 Neuroimaging Results ……………………………………………120
8.2.1 The Main Effect ………………………………………………121
8.2.2 The Interaction Effect ………………………………………128
8.3 Results from the Post-experiment Survey ………………………140
8.4 Summary ……………………………………………………………140
Chapter 9 Discussion ……………………………………………………………144
9.1 Directionality and Behavioural Performance ……………………144
9.2 Directionality and Cognitive Effort …………………………………148
9.3 Directionality, Interpreting Experience and Text Complexity …151
9.4 Summary ……………………………………………………………155
Chapter 10 Conclusion …………………………………………………………157
10.1 Final Conclusions …………………………………………………157
10.2 Implications ………………………………………………………159
10.2.1 Theoretical Implication ……………………………………159
10.2.2 Methodological Implication ………………………………160
10.2.3 Pedagogical and Practical Implication ……………………161
10.3 Limitations and Perspective for Future Work …………………162
10.4 Summary …………………………………………………………163
References …………………………………………………………………………164
Appendices …………………………………………………………………………185
Appendix 1 English Prof iciency Test …………………………………185
Appendix 2 Personal and Language Background
Questionnaire ………………………………………………193
Appendix 3 Reading Span Test ………………………………………195
Appendix 4 Informed Content …………………………………………198
Appendix 5 Chinese and English Texts Used in the
Experiment …………………………………………………201
Appendix 6 Post-experiment Survey …………………………………204
Appendix 7 The 3D MNI Coordinates of the 68 Channels and
the Corresponding Brain Area ……………………………205
Index ………………………………………………………………………………214
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