�����f�� �� Preface 1 Introduction Objectives 1.1 Manufacturing Processes 1.2 Break-Even Analysis Summary Questions Problems 2 Engineering Materials Objectives 2.1 Engineering Properties 2.2 Ferrous Materials 2.3 Non-Ferrous Materials 2.4 Heat Treatment of Metals Summary Questions 3 Metal-Casting Processes Objectives 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Patterns 3.3 Moulding Materials 3.4 Cores Summary Questions Problems 4 Gating Systems for Casting Objectives 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Gating System Design 4.3 Risering Design Summary Questions Problems 5 Melting and Casting Quality Objectives 5.1 Melting Practices 5.2 Casting Cleaning 5.3 Casting Defects 5.4 Product Design for Sand Castings Summary Questions Problems 6 Spectial Casting Processes Objectives 6.1 Shell Moulding 6.2 Precision Investment Casting 6.3 Permanent Mould Casting 6.4 Die Casting