Unit 1 ���ČW�͚���W

Passage 01 Determining the Ages of the Planets and the Universe 2

Passage 02 Alaska and Bark Beetles 9

Passage 03 Milankovitch Cycles and Glaciation 15

Passage 04 The Climate of Japan 22

Unit 2 ���|�W

Passage 05 Saving Soil and Cropland 30

Passage 06 Early Theories of Continental Drift 37

Passage 07 How Soil is Formed 44

Passage 08 Earthquake Prediction 50

Unit 3 ˇ�g

Passage 09 Cave and Rock Art 58

Passage 10 Historical Trends in European Urban Design 64

Passage 11 Mexican Mural Art 71

Passage 12 Olmec Art 78

Passage 13 Portraits as Art 84

Passage 14 The Early History of Motion Pictures 91

Unit 4 ��������

Passage 15 Bioluminescence in Marine Creatures 100

Passage 16 Coral Reef Communities 106

Passage 17 Sea Turtle Hatchling Strategies for Navigation 113

Passage 18 Temperature Regulation in Marine Organisms 120

Passage 19 The Brain Size of Bottlenose Dolphins 127

Unit 5 ����W��ֲ��W

Passage 20 Bird Colonies 136

Passage 21 Bison and Humans 142

Passage 22 Dinosaurs and Parental Care 149

Passage 23 Human Impacts on Biogeography 156

Passage 24 The Cambrian Explosion 163

Passage 25 The Extinction of the Dinosaurs 170

Passage 26 The First Eyes 177

Passage 27 The Geographical Distribution of Gilding Animals 183

Passage 28 Vocalization in Frogs 189

Passage 29 Preventing Overgrowth among Tree Branches 195

Unit 6 ��W���̘I������W

Passage 30 Art and Culture of Pacific Northwest Communities 202

Passage 31 Domestication 208

Passage 32 Hunting and the Setting of Inner Eurasia 216

Passage 33 Origins of the Megaliths 222

Passage 34 Consolidated Industry in the United States 229

Passage 35 Costs of Quitting a Job 236

Passage 36 Controversy about Causing Emotion 243

Passage 37 Motor Development in Children 250

Unit 7 �Ŵ�����

Passage 38 Documenting the Incas 260

Passage 39 Mesopotamian and Egyptian Settlement Patterns 266

Passage 40 The Collapse of the Mayas 273

Passage 41 The Emergence of Civilization 280

Passage 42 The Multiplier Effect 287

Passage 43 The Western Roman Empire in the Fifth Century 294

Unit 8 �vʷ

Passage 44 Newspaper in Western Europe 304

Passage 45 Effects of the Commercial Revolution 311

Passage 46 Europe Context of the Scientific Revolution 319

Passage 47 Farming New England in Colonial Times 326

Passage 48 Population Revolution in Eighteenth-Century Europe 333

Passage 49 The British Economy under the Roman Empire 339

Passage 50 Written Records 346