1949-1998-CHINASFORESTRY ���ݺ���

����The preservation of existing forests�� reforestation and afforestation�� enrichment of forest resources��and the establishment of a management regime for the sustainable development of forest resources to maximize the ecological�� economic and social benefits are essential for the modernization of forestry in all countries alike.Man is closely associated with forests that provide conditions for his survival and development. Man exploits forests and cultivates them as well. Historically�� the development of forestry has undergone three periods�� viz.�� the period of simple utilization by the handicraft industry�� the period oflarge scale industrialized deforestation�� and the period of modern sustained yield management. The issue of the sustainable development and management of forests was brought up to the United Nations Convention on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in June 1992. Thenceforth�� all countries have taken the sustainable development of forests as part and parcel of their general strategy for sustainable development.China of olden times had an abundance of forest resources. In those early days�� activities of forest production were typical of small-scale peasant economy�� but achievements had also been made in legislation of forestry laws and forestry management�� in control of species resources and forest technology�� in processing of forest products and maintenance of sustained yield�� and in the study of the ecology ofprimeval forests.After the Opium Wars of the mid-19th century�� China found itself having been reduced to the status of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country. On the one hand�� the imperialist powers extensively plundered the forest resources mostly in the northeast region of China and�� on the other�� the Western science of forestry were gradually introduced to this country. In 1914�� China's first Forest Law was promulgated�� with the initiation and under the auspices of Dr. Sun Yat-sen�� a forerunner and leader of the bourgeois revolution.