Part I The Basic Issues of Ovarian Aging 1 Overview of Ovarian Aging: Why Do We Need to Discuss/ 3 Shixuan Wang, Jinjin Zhang, and Aiyue Luo 2 The Life Cycle of the Ovary/ 7 Shixuan Wang, Lingwei Ma,Wei Shen, and Jinjin Zhang 3 The Systemic Effects of Ovarian Aging/ 35 Shixuan Wang, ShuhongYang, Suzhen Yuan, Xiaofan Zhang, Sheng Wang, Jingyi Wen, Mingfu Wu, and Lu Shen 4 Ovarian Aging Etiology and Risk Factors/ 67 Shixuan Wang, ShuhongYang, Ting Ding, Wenqing Ma, Tong Wu, Milu Li, Wei Yan, Su Zhou, Ya Li, Li Tian, Wenwen Wang, and Yong Tian 5 The Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Ovarian Aging/ 119 Shixuan Wang, TongWu, Fangfang Fu, Jing Cheng, Xiang Li, Su Zhou, Yueyue Xi, Meng Wu, and Dingfu Du Part II The Clinical Management of Ovarian Aging 6 Evaluation and EarlyWarning Systems of Ovarian Aging./ 173 Shixuan Wang, Ting Ding, Jingjing Jiang,Yan Zhang, Li Fang, Jun Dai, Yueyue Gao, Xiaofang Du, Jingyi Wen, and Yan Li 7 Prevention and Management of Ovarian Aging./ 199 Shixuan Wang, Jinjin Zhang, Minli Zhang, Aiyue Luo, ShuhongYang, Lu Shen, Man Wang, Tong Wu, and Zhiyong Lu 8 Therapy-Associated Ovarian Damage and its Management Strategies/ 239 Shixuan Wang, Jia Wei, Ronghua Liu, Rong Liu, and Tao Xiang 9 Strategies to Maintain Ovarian Function/ 253 Shixuan Wang, Jia Wei, Shuangmei Ye, Qian Chen, Milu Li, Weicheng Tang, Jinjin Zhang, Huan Lu, Yueyue Xi, Mingfu Wu, Ming Yuan, Dingfu Du, Jingyi Wen, and Yan Zhang