CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PEDIATRICS 1
Section 1 Role of the Pediatrician 1
Section 2 Decision Making: Use of Evidence-Based Medicine 2
Section 3 Communication 4
Section 4 Interviewing Techniques 7
Section 5 Law�� Ethics�� and Clinical Judgment 8
CHAPTER 2 HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION 11
Section 1 Child Development 11
Section 2 Screening 15
Section 3 Immunizations 20
CHAPTER 3 NUTRITION 26
Section 1 Normal Nutritional Requirements 26
Section 2 Breast-Feeding 29
Section 3 Infant Formula and Complementary Foods 32
Section 4 Postdischarge Nutritional Management of the Premature Infant 34
Section 5 Malnutrition and Refeeding 36
Section 6 The Overweight or Obese Child 40
Section 7 Specialized Nutrition Support 43
CHAPTER 4 NEWBORN 50
Section 1 Neonatal Mortality and Morbidity 50
Section 2 Delivery Room Resuscitation 51
Section 3 Transitional Changes in the Newborn 56
Section 4 Examination of the Newborn Infant 60
Section 5 Postnatal Care and Observation 71
Section 6 Abnormalities of the Lungs 75
Section 7 Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy 82
Section 8 Jaundice 83
Section 9 Hypoglycemia 87
Section 10 Hypocalcemia 89
Section 11 Respiratory Distress Syndrome 91
Section 12 Patent Ductus Arteriosus 93
Section 13 Necrotizing Enterocolitis 94
Section 14 Intraventricular Hemorrhage 96
Section 15 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 99
Section 16 Emergencies 100
Section 17 Retinopathy of Prematurity 103
CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF ADOLESCENT CARE 106
Section 1 Somatic Growth and Development 106
Section 2 Psychological Development 107
CHAPTER 6 DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS 109
Section 1 Introduction to Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 109
Section 2 Fundamental Concepts of Child Development 109
Section 3 Standardized Developmental Screening and Assessment Instruments 113
Section 4 Hyperactivity and Inattention 117
Section 5 Developmental delay/Intellectual Disability 123
Section 6 Autistic Spectrum Disorders 124
CHAPTER 7 STABILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ACUTELY ILL INFANT AND CHILD 129
Section 1 Monitoring of Vital Function 129
Section 2 Vascular Access 132
Section 3 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 134
Section 4 Life Support Systems 136
Section 5 Stabilization and Transport 139
Section 6 Management of Cerebral Edema and Elevated Intracranial Pressure 141
Section 7 Perioperative Care 142
Section 8 Pain Management and Sedation 145
Section 9 Acute Metabolic Dysfunction 149
Section 10 Acute Inflammation 152
Section 11 Trauma�� Burns and Bites 154
Section 12 Submersion Injury 159
Section 13 Foreign-Body Aspiration 161
Section 14 Apparent Life-Threatening Events and SIDS 163
Section 15 Toxic Ingestions and Exposures 166
Section 16 Heat Stress 178
Section 17 Poisonous Bites and Stings 179
CHAPTER 8 HUMAN GENETICS 183
Section 1 Key Principles in Human Genetics 183
Section 2 Chromosomal Disorders 192
Section 3 Principles of Inborn Errors of Metabolism 195
Section 4 Hyperphenylalaninemia 198
CHAPTER 9 IMMUNOLOGIC AND ALLERGIC DISORDERS 203
Section 1 Overview of the Immune System 203
Section 2 Undue Susceptibility to Infection 210
Section 3 Primary Immunodeficiencies 212
Section 4 Allergic Disease and Atopy 221
Section 5 Clinical Aspects of Allergic Diseases 224
Section 6 Allergic Rhinitis and Conjunctivitis 226
Section 7 Food Allergy 228
Section 8 Adverse Reactions to Drugs 230
CHAPTER 10 RHEUMATOLOGY 232
Section 1 Pathogenesis of Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorders 232
Section 2 History and Physical Examination in Rheumatology 236
Section 3 Diagnostic Testing in Rheumatology 239
Section 4 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 243
Section 5 Vasculitides 248
Section 6 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus�� Overlap Connective Tissue Diseases�� and Mixed Connective Tissue Disease 253
CHAPTER 11 INFECTIOUS DISEASES 258
Section 1 Bacteremia�� Sepsis�� and Septic Shock 258
Section 2 Tuberculosis (Mycobacteria Tuberculosis) 262
Section 3 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections 269
Section 4 Staphylococcus Infections 271
Section 5 Enterovirus Infections 274
Section 6 Cytomegalovirus 279
Section 7 Epstein-Barr Virus Mononucleosis 281
Section 8 Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections 286
Section 9 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection 291
Section 10 Measles 299
Section 11 Mumps 303
Section 12 Candida 305
Section 13 Cryptococcosis 309
CHAPTER 12 DISORDERS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM 311
Section 1 Normal Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract 311
Section 2 Approach to the Child with Acute�� Chronic�� or Cyclic Vomiting 318
Section 3 Acute Abdominal Pain 322
Section 4 Diarrhea 325
Section 5 Gastrointestinal Infections 330
Section 6 Salmonella�� Shigella�� and Escherichia Coli 333
Section 7 Disorders of Digestion and Absorption 341
Section 8 Inflammatory Bowel Disease 357
Section 9 Allergic and Eosinophilic Gastroenteropathies 366
CHAPTER 13 DISORDERS OF THE LIVER AND BILIARY TRACT 371
Section 1 Evaluation of the Infant and Child with Liver Disease 371
Section 2 Metabolic and Genetic Disorders of the Liver 377
Section 3 Acute Li