introduction
14 soils and fertilizers
  14.1 introduction
  14.2 history
  14.3 pedogenesis
    14.3.1 weathering and alteration of minerals and clays formation
    14.3.2 incorporation of organic matter
    14.3.3 mass transfer between horizons
      14.3.3.1 descending processes
      14.3.3.2 ascending processes
  14.4 soil morphology
    14.4.1 major horizons
    14.4.2 transitional horizons
    14.4.3 subdivisions of master horizons
  14.5 soil properties
    14.5.1 horizon boundaries
    14.5.2 coloration of soils
    14.5.2 soil texture
    14.5.4 soil structure
    14.5.5 consistency
    14.5.6 roots
    14.5.7 acidity (ph) and effervescence
  14.6 soil taxonomy
    14.6.1 usda classification of soils
    14.6.2 fao classification of soils
    14.6.3 french classification of soils
    14.6.4 astm civil engineering classification of soils
  14.7 soil identification
  14.8 iso andastm standards
  14.9 physical properties of common soils
  14.10 fertilizers
    14.10.1 nitrogen fertilizers
    14.10.2 phosphorus fertilizers
    14.10.3 potassium fertilizers
    14.10.4 role of micronutrientsin soils
  14.11 further reading
15 cements, concrete, building stones and construction materials
  15.1 introduction
    15.1.1 nonhydraulic cements
  15.2 portland cement
    15.2.1 history
    15.2.2 raw materials for portland cement
    15.2.3 processing of portland cement
    15.2.4 portland cement chemistry
    15.2.5 portland cement nomenclature
  15.3 aggregates
    15.3.1 coarse aggregates
    15.3.2 fine aggregates
  15.4 mineraladmixtures
  15.5 mortars and concrete
    15.5.1 definitions
    15.5.2 degradation processes
  15.6 ceramics for construction
  15.7 building stones
    15.7.1 limestones and dolomites
    15.7.2 sandstones
    15.7.3 basalt
    15.7.4 granite
  15.8 further reading
16 timbers and woods
  16.1 general description
  16.2 properties of woods
    16.2.1 moisture content
    16.2.2 specific gravity and density
    16.2.3 drying and shrinkage
    16.2.4 mechanical properties
    16.2.5 thermal properties
    16.2.6 electrical properties
    16.2.7 heating values and flammability
    16.2.8 durability and decay resistance
  16.3 properties of hardwoods and softwoods
  16.4 applications
  16.5 wood performance in various corrosives
  16.6 further reading
17 fuels, propellants and explosives
  17.1 introduction and classification
  17.2 combustion characteristics
    17.2.1 enthalpy of combustion
      17.2.1.1 stoichiometric combustion ratios
      17.2.1.2 low (net) and high (gross) heating values
      17.2.1.3 air excess
      17.2.1.4 dulong's equations and other practical equations
      17.2.1.5 adiabatic flame temperature
      17.2.1.6 wobbe index for gaseous fuels
  17.3 solid fuels: coals and cokes
  17.4 liquid fuels
  17.5 gaseous fuels
  17.6 prices of common fuels
  17.7 propellants
    17.7.1 liquid propellants
      17.7.1.1 petroleum-based propellants
      17.7.1.2 cryogenic propellants
      17.7.1.3 hypergolic propellants
    17.7.2 solid propellants
  17.8 explosives
  17.9 further reading
    17.9.1 fuels and combustion
    17.9.2 propellants and explosives
18 composite materials
  18.1 definitions
  18.2 properties of composites
    18.2.1 density
    18.2.2 tensile strength and elastic moduli
    18.2.3 specific heat capacity.
    18.2.4 thermal conductivity
    18.2.5 thermal expansion coefficient
  18.3 fabrication processes for monofilaments
  18.4 reipforcement materials
    18.4.1 glass fibers
    18.4.2 boron fibers
    18.4.3 carbon fibers
    18.4.4 polyethylene fibers
    18.4.5 polyaramide fibers
    18.4.6 ceramic oxide fibers
    18.4.7 silicon carbide fibers
  18.5 polymer matrix composites (pmcs)
  18.6 metal matrix composites (mmcs)
  18.7 ceramic matrix composites (cmcs)
  18.8 carbon-carbon composites (ccs)
  18.9 further reading
index